ID request for Skippers

[Psyche]

Post 8.

You are too generous with your praises.
I appreciate the fact you brought the Halpe this time.
I suddenly realised on going thru the species that the dozen of confusing species in the Indochinese region can be ignore.
Two species mentioned in Evans H. kusala & flava both have UnH central band, yellow in flava & yellowish white in kusala are unlikely to occur in India.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91390001.html
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91360001.html
Correction: Both H. kusala & flava occur in NE India. (included in checklist).

The degree of overlap between FW spot 2 & 3 in H. molta is quite variable.
That in H. aucma should be little or almost none.
The UnH interneural black spots are fairly well-define with the sharper margins visible.
So it is probably H. molta.
The white cilia is more or less the same in all three species.

Typical H. aucma would be this.
UnH interneural spots (Evans call these discal although the position should be postdiscal)are fuzzy & merged together.
The ground is ?usually more golden.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...134c48-2_0.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...134c48-3_0.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...ae705a-2_2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...ae705a-1_2.jpg

Perhaps H. molta is the more common species.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...3020cd-1_0.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...3020cd-2_0.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...5a54db-2_2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...5a54db-1_2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...fcc40f82-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...2320c8b2-1.jpg

This one with upper cellspot & well-defined HW black spots is probably H. molta.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...eedf1127-1.jpg

Typical H. filda.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...565e6cc4-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...565e6cc4-2.jpg

It is still very difficult to ID some based on the underside alone at the moment.
eg what should this be.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...4854058a-1.jpg

What could this be.
FW with upper cellspot;UnH black spots merged as one; central yellowish white band as in [I]H. kusala. Correction: Probably H. kusala.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...a88bd4f7-1.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91390001.html

H. wantona
Ground with the veins blacken; UnH spotswell-defined; FW cilia poorly chequered.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...21d580-1_0.jpg
Probable H. wantona.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...9f134c-2_1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...9f134c-1_1.jpg

Halpe kumara.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...d0ff0bc2-1.jpg
http://www.flutters.org/home/photoga...picture&id=976


You may want to see pix of H. filda, molta & aucma.
Images poor.
Download pdf. from reference section. Huang 1998. Neue Ent Nachr 41.
https://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_l...eriinae/halpe/
Page 215 Description.
Page 245 images.


TL Seow ;Cheers.