Skippers ID clarification in Singapore

[Psyche]

Post 7.

1. Female Erionota acroleuca apicalis.

E. acroleuca is by far the commonest species in Singapore as its larva feeds on various palms while that of E. thrax & torus feed on Banana which would be a rare plant in Singapore.


E. acroleuca. Smaller than the other two. FW 25/27 mm.
Male antennal club wholly white above; female about half white.
FW margin straight.
HW patch constricted/narrowed in the upper half.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...nny%20Chir.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...drick%20Ho.jpg
Females.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oGOIfwCnq..._female_01.jpg
https://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_l.../torus-2fv.jpg



E. thrax. large FW 31/37 mm.
Male with antennal club 2/3 - 3/4 white; Female about half white.
FW margin straight.
HW patch more or less uniformly wide.
Males.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.fil...0f3c25860d.jpg
http://www.farelli.info/pages_books/...nota_thrax.htm
Females.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikiped...ota_thrax1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...unte_ag436.jpg



E. torus Large FW 30/36 mm.
Male antennal club 2/3- 3/4 white; female about half white.
FW margin convex.
HW patch broad throughout.
Male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9/original.jpg
Females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...2012--0882.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/erionota-t...esize-750.jpeg

On the continent E. torus have more rounded FW eg India.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eriono...-06-10-001.jpg




2. Astictopterus jama.
Note winhgshape & prominent bulging palpi (labial palps).
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...ew%20-%203.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...ew%20-%201.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers.