ID request - July 28, 2024

[SL Liew]

Hi Dr. Seow,
Need your help to id these observations. Thank you.

#25 Choaspes? Fraser's Hill - July 24, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231389987

#26 Grass Skipper? Fraser's Hill - July 24, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231748488

#27 Grass Skipper? Fraser's Hill - July 24, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779903

#28 Grass Skipper? Fraser's Hill - July 25, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779913

#29 Grass Skipper? Fraser's Hill - July 25, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779920

#30 Melanitis? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 19, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230444429


#1 Grass Skipper? Bali, Indonesia - June 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/224339719

#2 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - June 29, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226120778

#3 Arhopala? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 2, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226874613

#4 Grass Skipper? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 2, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226930943

#5 Grass Skipper? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 6, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227266810

#6 Allotinus? Hutan Lipur, Buki Hijau, Kedah - July 6, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227719965

#7 Allotinus? Hutan Lipur Bukit Hijau, Kedah - July 6, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227719967

#8 Arhopala? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 6, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227949482

#9 Neptis? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 6, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227963719

#10 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 5, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227972119

#11 Grass Skipper? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 11, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/228610530

#12 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 11, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/228610549

#13 Euthalia? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 15, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229447464

#14 Miletus? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230064982

#15 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065004

#16 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065006

#17 Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065023

#18 Grass Skipper? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065024

#19A Arhopala? Penang Botanic Gardens - July 18, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065025

#19B
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065027

#19C
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230065028

#20 Arhopala? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 19, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230444432

#21 Arhopala? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 19, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230444435

#22 Arhopala? Sungai Sedim, Kedah - July 19, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230444486

#31 Euthalia? Fraser's Hill - July 25, 2024
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779898

Cheers from Penang island, SL Liew

[Psyche]

#25 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231389987

Choaspes stigmatus caudatus.

CHOASMARK.png

Choaspes stigmatus caudatus.
Black patch inside tailfold small & nit reaching margin.
Tailfold blunt.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90300020.html
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...-stigmatus.jpg
https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/...44e2b09a_b.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...tigmatus-1.jpg


Choaspes subcaudatus crawfurdi.
Black patch inside tailfod large & reaching near the margin.
Tailfold sharp.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90330010.html
https://res.cloudinary.com/ppc1/imag...w4c5ixshx7.jpg
https://ze-ph.sakura.ne.jp/zeph-blog/files/091229zb.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...ubcaudatus.jpg

[Psyche]

#26 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231748488

There are at least two individuals mixed up here.
1 is a male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231748488
4 is a female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231748488


They all looks to be Potanthus lydia.





#27. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779903

Potanthus lydia. Abdominal end indicate a female.


Potanthus lydia medium FW 14-15mm.
FW spots 4 & 5 deatched at the upper end between spots 5 & 6.
There is always a little overlap between spots 3 & 4.
FW spots 4 & 5 usually converging on their inner margins in a shallow ;V;.
Underside lightly shaded with diffuse dark spots edging the band.
Abdominal end shaded black, heavy in the male.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92830001.html
Male.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...thus-lydia.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/6/5648/2...e0f34ba0dc.jpg

[Psyche]

#28 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779913

Telicota ohara jix.
UnH with the band's inner margin rather straight ,without the strong notch seen in other species.
Male upperside FW brand very thin & straight.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92950010.html
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/telicota-ohara/
https://butterfliesvietnam.blogspot....nded-palm.html

[Psyche]

#29 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/231779920

Aeromachus jhora.

Two similar species.
Small skippers with a pointed nose marked by a dark dividing line.

Aeromachus jhora.
UnH with two series of defined spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91093010.html
https://www.flickr.com/photos/itchyd...es/50220431957


Aeromachus pygmaeus.
UnH vaguely marked with ill-defined spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91120001.html
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...s-1080x722.jpg

[Psyche]

#30 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/230444429

Most likely female Melanitis zitenius.

The females of M. phedima & zitenius can be very similar.

In M. zitenius the Fw costa (forward margin) is less arched & the falcate Fw apex have a longer & more acute hook.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/sat/40030010.html
https://wingscales.com/Nymphalidae/M...tenius-auletes


In M. phedima the FW costa is very arched (rounded) & the apical hook is shorter & less acute.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/sat/40020010.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/les/sat/40020010.pdf

[Psyche]

#1 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/224339719

Parnara bada.

P. bada is widespread, ranging from Africa to Australia.

The UnH series of spots is often small& irregular but there is wide variation.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html

Typical small spot form P. Malaysia.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r10tmE1OD...rnara+bada.jpg
Larger spot form
https://indiabiodiversity.org/group/.../show/15072995
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl.../parnara-bada/

P. ganga usually have larger spots but HW spot 8 is absent or vestigial.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Parnara-ganga
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...ara+ganga1.jpg

P. apostata which have a small spot 6 is very dark above.
P. Malaysia.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R1LW7DbcO...0/DSC_0338.JPG
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XGMVndBIW...0/DSC_0332.JPG

[Psyche]

#2 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226120778

Arhopala pseudomuta

This seem quite common in Penang.

PSEUDOMT.png

Arhopala pseudomuta.
FW postdiscal spot 4 shifted outwards.
HW postdiscal spot 6 across spot 5 & cellend bar.
Spot 7 directly above spot 6.
HW postdiscal band widely dislocated at vein 2.

This & A. alitaeus have more rounded spots .

A. pseudomuta.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...1---Horace.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...-%20Horace.jpg
Arhopala alitaeus. More strongly contrasted markings.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...le_Loke_01.jpg

The other members have spots/bands with straighter margins eg
A. elopura.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...la-elopura.jpg
A. aida.
https://res.cloudinary.com/ppc1/imag...wku7yfpttq.jpg
A. ariana.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhopa...naMUpUnAC1.jpg




#3 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226874613

The markings are as for the amphimuta group, but the vital tornal parts are torn.
Although it is most likely A. moolaiana it is impossible to be certain.

[Psyche]

#4 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/226930943

Potanthus probably P. mingo.

You need the upperside, abdominal end & underside to id Potanthus.

The 1st pic manage to show the abdominal end as black.
Veins on the HW are not dark-dusted.
3 possibilities, P. mingo, lydia & flava.
Most likely P. mingo.



# 5 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227266810

Salanoemia fuscicornis.
FW subapical spots hyaline.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/S...ia-fuscicornis
With reduced subapical spot.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...s-1080x719.jpg

Salanoemia sala.
FW subapical spots are black.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...oemia-sala.jpg

[Psyche]

#6 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227719965
Allotinus horsfieldi male.

#7 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227719967
Allotinus horsfieldi female. Note unusual feature ie HW spot 7 is doubled.


Two species are very similar.
They are still much confused.

Allotinus horsfieldi.
This is a common species next after A. unicolor.
FW postdiscal band dislocated in the middle.
HW spot 6 just under spot 7.
All spots are variable.
Ground colour pale biege with the spots brownish.
Female with broad-based teeth on the HW.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc2/80380010.html
Males.
https://a4.pbase.com/o6/25/686825/1/...onleogoron.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...ermagnus-2.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Np8-cHJjQ...0/DSC_0039.JPG
Female
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gancw1...n/photostream/

Allotinus leogoron
The 2nd species is very rare .
FW band with a mid-dislocation & HW spot 6 is under spot 7.
Male upperside with a broader brand.
It differs mainly in that the underside ground colour is whiter & the markings darker giving it a better contrast.
Female HW teeth slightly narrower but impossible to be certain in fieldshots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc2/80390001.html
Male.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...55/medium.jpeg
Female.
https://d29tlldvxtis6c.cloudfront.ne...darkie6683.jpg

There is much confusion.
Otsuka's Bornean Lycaenids give good comparisons L49 & L50.

These IDed as A. horsfieldi are probably A. leogoron.
Males.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...i-1080x675.jpg
https://a4.pbase.com/o6/25/686825/1/...usP_oncopy.jpg
Female.
https://live.staticflickr.com/5625/2...69fc7855_b.jpg