2. Borbo cinnata.
No hW cellspot; thick antennal club ;fW subapical spots 7 8 in line.
3. Pelopidas agna female.
FW spots 6 & 7well separated. This indicate if spot 8 is present it will be close to spot 7 (as in Pelopidas)
There appear to be a faint white cellspot in the correct position.
4. Uniform dark brown ;antennae black suggest Baoris probably B. oceia.
5. Unknown
Fw spots suggest or baoris.
The reddish brown colour exclude Borbo or Pelopidas or Parnara.
HW "vague spots" do not match any species.
6. Female Potanthus ganda. Potanthus ganda is normally stated to be quite reddish.
The Singapore population is likely to be mixed & variable.
typical male. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/16026310
7. Parnara probably P. bada.
Note FW subapical spots 6 & 7 in line, spot 8 is missing; thick antennal club.
HW with irregular spotting.
The three well-spaced HW spots are as in this example of female Pelopidas agna.
The three large HW spots are spot 2, 4, & 6.
The three small spots are spot 3, 5, & 7. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178388163
1. This is a typical male Potanthus trachala.
Abdominal end banded black; FW spots 4 & 5 without overlap from the others.
Note HW band upper spot (actually in space 4 & 5) strongly shifted outwards.
Hope you've been well! Requesting ID for this skipper found in Sungei Buloh. It has white-tipped antennae so I assume I can rule out most of the local swifts such as Caltoris and Baoris. All photos are of the same individual shot by JX and I.
Might this be Hyarotis microsticta (please correct me if it has been revised to H.microstictum!)?
All scientific names are written in Latin.
Latin have gender specific endings whether in noun or adjective.
The earlier European naturalists all studied Latin
Hyarotis is the ancient Greek name of a river in the Punjab ( now Ravi river.)
microsticta means small spots.... female gender.
microstictus is the male gender form.
microstictum is the plural neutral gender form.
This species was named first as Isoteinon microstictum by Wood-mason et al.
Not sure what Isoteinon meant.
When it was transferred to Hyarotis it was named as Hyarotis microsticta.
To be grammatically correct the gender of the describing adjective must match the noun.
Since Hyarotis is regarded in the male gender, the correct adjective should be microstictus.
I am simply following C&P4 in retaining the name as Hyarotis microsticta.
( Hyarotis' gender was probably uncertain then ,& thought to be female.)
Japanese entomologists who now do extensive studies do not have Latin; they simply use the first written taxonomic name without considering the gender change.
Thus they put this down as Hyarotis microstictum. https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91840001.html
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