The male of P. sandaka have a large white speculum ( a patch of specialised scales) on the HW.
This is largely hidden at rest.
It is sometimes seen as a white highlight indicating its lower margin. SANdO.png
Thank you so much doctor Seow for such a insightful explanation! Words cannot express the feeling i have now but i find it extremely helpful! But this eans i still have to keep looking for p.hordonia somewhere in SG
My friend here has shot this skipper at pulau ubin, which is in a quite worned out condition. My initial ID is Zographetus doxus, ID from the white antenna and ground colour of the wings of the skipper itself. However, i discovered that there are other species that look alike, namely the Zographetus ogygia. I think it could very well be said for a range of species of skipper however.
I kindly request to hear your second opinion of this observation, and i dropped the inaturalist link below since i do not have the photo. All credits goes to Yu Fei who shot this photo.
Z. rama
UnH brown, unmarked or obscurely spotted. Presumably extinct.
This image should be male Zographetus doxus.
Salient features.
HW with a yellowish area. This can not be due to wear alone as it is in the correct place.
The veins are strongly darken.
There is indication of a HW dark border.
The antennal white area is relatively small.
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