Skippers ID clarification in Singapore

[Psyche]

Post 104.

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181036284
1.Female Telicota besta.
Dull colour ;veins dark-dusted.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539431
2. Female Pelopidas agna.
Uniform ochreous brown.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539441
3. Telicota besta male.
Note brand nearer the triangular orange patch in space 2 than the main band.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOI...male_up_01.jpg


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539446
4. Male Pelopidas agna.
Note some FW spots are visible, & are small & not yellow.
Male & female P. conjunctus.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...lt_Khew_03.jpg
https://www.thaibutterflies.com/wp-c...s-1080x675.jpg


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539447
5. Female Pelopidas agna.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181539453
6. Male Pelopidas agna.
FW is rather tattered & worn .HW colour unoform.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181540099
7. Male Telicota besta.
Fairly typical, with raised veins & dark linings.



TL Seow: CHeers.
PS. P. mathias & agna males with upperside confirmation.

P. mathias males.
UpF spots 2 & 3 quadrate ; Underside with dirty uneven shadings.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...d8457890-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...d8457890-2.jpg

https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...a966070e-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...a966070e-3.jpg


P. agna males.
UpF spots 2 & 3 narrow; Underside uniform brown, without dirty shadings.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...4fb1355a-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...4fb1355a-3.jpg

https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...36d28b93-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...36d28b93-2.jpg

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Could you help to verify the following 2 skippers please.

Thank you!

1) Potanthus trachala?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641821

2) Caltoris sp. Maybe C. bromus?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641820

[Psyche]

Post 106.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641821
1. Potanthus trachala. Female on the left )greyer).
Note FW spots 4 & 5 are only connected above & below by the spikes to the other.
HW upper block of the band projected outwards.


https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641820
2. Caltoris bromus male.

Three species have more prominent pale areas on the antennal shafts.

Caltoris bromus
FW typically with two large subapical spots ;upper cellspot also large.
HW dark brown & nearly the same tone as FW.
Female paler, with HW spots 2 & 3.
Male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163945647


Caltoris cahira.
FW with large subapical spots (2 usually) & upper cellspot.
HW dark chocolate brown without red tone contrasting with FW.
Male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183638559
Female.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_g...ris+bromus.jpg


Caltoris cormasa.
FW subapical spots small two or often three. Upper cellspot small.
HW heavily overlaid with redbrown scales.
Redder tone than in all other species.
Males.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151597328
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/162264663
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/176612106
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/178143673
Note subapical spots are small. Less red example.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641828
Females.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/147253163
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173170595
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173170576

Caltoris malaya
Pale area on the antennae weak or none.
FW subapical spots usually two. Cellspot usually none ,ocassionally a tiny one.
male rusty brown, female more ochreous.
Male. Note front antenna no pale area.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/133445751
Female.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/161212993
With a tiny upper cellspot but only on the underside.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181903883

Other confusion.
Baoris species.
FW subapical spots reduced.
Upper cellspot may be crescentic.
Antennae mostly black.
HW may have aq pale area at cellend.
[B]Abdomen noticeably banded.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/165866621
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151120606

Female probably B. farri.
Full complement of spots, black antennae, banded abdomen.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/153765692


Male Quedara monteithi.
No FW spot, bulging palpi (labial palps).
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164372780



TL Seow: Cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Managed to uncover this photo in my archives.

Could this be Rapala damona?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184711958

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 108.

Yes. It is a female Rapala damona.

The two R. suffusa & damona are closely similar.
HW with the postdiscal band in space 1b, above the speckled patch arched or domed.
FW postdiscal band distinctly curved in toward s the costa.

Rapala suffusa.
HW speckled patch in space 1b usually occupy half or less of the marginal zone.
Orange crown in space 2 not visible, merging with the ground colour.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...h_Jonathan.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/59847707
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/73307440
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/30675458
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/122791984
Females.
https://s3.amazonaws.com/production-...rop_x_152_.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...lash_Ellen.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-66Xxi-yYP...ash-SunnyC.png
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/60172517
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/59960237

Rapala damona.
HW speckled patch occupy 80% or more of the marginal zone in space 1b.
HW orange crown not well-defined, weak, obscure or not visible.
Males
https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4687/...9e6a2623_c.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181903884
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183617588
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124369699
Females.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184711958
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184248821
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124682032
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184376205


TL Seow: cheers.

[sabafish]

Hi Dr Seow,

Can I check if this skipper is Parnara bada?

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/188256849

Thank you!

[Psyche]

Post 110.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/188256849
Yes. It is.
PARNARABB.png

Parnara species.
antennae short & the clubs thick.
UpF subapical spots 6 & 7in line; if spot 8 is present, it is usually also in line.
UnH may have a diffuse cellend spot.
UnH spot 7 is always absent.

Two known species in Singapore.


Parnra bada.
unH spots variable & may be entirely absent.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145116379
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/186224442
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135756671
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/185704994


Parnara ganga.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93040001.html
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7874934
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135217962
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140252167


Probably this below is Parnara ganga.
FW spot 3 is oblong & seem nearer spot 2,( the margins of spot 2 blurry) & UnH spots relatively large.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/33117386


Tl Seow: Cheers.