ID requests - Peninsular Malaysia - SL Liew - June 24, 2025

Hi Dr. Seow,
Requesting your help to confirm id of my observations - thank you.

Location: Lubok Semilang, Langkawi - June 18, 2025

#1A Tanaecia?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/290849054

#1B Tanaecia?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/290849510

--------------------------------------------------------

Location: Bukit Tingg, Pahang - June 21, 2025

#2 Halpe?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291654435

#3 Poritia?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999348

#4 Tagiades?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999342

#5 Euploea?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291724676

#6 Euploea?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291724669

#7 Surendra?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693292

#8 Athyma?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110101

#9A Athyma?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110100

#9B Athyma?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110098


All - Grass skipper?

#10
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999369

#11
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999328

#12
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693286

#13
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693254

#14
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816630

#15
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816635

#16
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816638

#17
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816636

#18
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816634

#19
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693275

#20
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693273

#21
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693271

#22
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693260

#23
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693264

#24
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693287


Cheers, SL Liew

1a. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/290849054
Tanaecia flora.
HW blue band broad, tapering upward; FW band narrow.
The inner borders of the bands aligned well at rest
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847205003
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847206827
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8/original.jpg
Female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847206829


Similar.
Tanaecia godartii.
Bands narrow but borders aligned well at rest.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847206825
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...0/DSC_5129.JPG


Tanaecia iapis (= cocytina)
HW bands broad .
Bands inner borders irregular, not aligning well at rest.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847206835
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...ron-SunnyC.jpg




1b. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/290849510
Tanaecia cocytus.
FW strongly falcate.
Bands lavender.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lim2/721030030.html

2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291654435
Likely to be Halpe toxopea.

At first glance this appear to be H. elana ,with a narrow HW band.
However all members of the zema group have a prominent white spot jusrt below the antennal apiculus.
eg.
H. zema
https://www.flickr.com/photos/angiud/50186533071
H. ormenes.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...20-%20bene.jpg
H. elana.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Halpe-elana

The antennae are clear enough in pic 1 to show no such white spot.
Two other species are a HW band.
H. porus have two FW cellspots and the HW band crossed by strong dark veins.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91310001.html

H. toxopea is the best match.
https://www.jamiun.com/halpe-toxopea/
https://calphotos.berkeley.edu/imgs/...0614/1655.jpeg



3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999348
Female Poritia hewitsoni.

The females are all rather similar.
Japanese entomologists consider taxon phama as a junior synonym of hewitsoni. ie they are the same species.
What is P. phama regia becomes P. hewitsoni regia.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc1/80060020.html
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/P...iMFUpUnAC1.jpg
P. phama treated as a separate species.
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Poritia_phama_regia

4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999342
Tagiades waterstradti.
Note there are three marginal black spots.
The largest is at vein 1b.
The two small spots are at veins 2 & 3.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterfl...dti-talanga-2/

The shape of the white patch and the nos. of marginal black spots are important.

T. waterstradti.
HW white patch oval ,stepped at the upper corner.
Marginal black spot at vein 1b very large.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90875001.html

Similar.
T. parra.
HW white patch ovoid, Black spot at vein 2 largest.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/90840020.html
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Tagiades-parra-naxos


T. ultra has a large white HW patch and large black marginal spots.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...lt_Loke_01.jpg



5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291724676
Male Euploea mulciber.

The male E. mulciberis readily IDed here by a combination of two features.
FW apex produced and bluntly rounded.
UnH with small spots and at least one white streak in the discal area.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...t_Sunny_03.jpg


16. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291724669
Pic 2 and 3 indicate Euploea mulciber.
Pic 1, the shape looks different but probably due to perspective distortion.

7.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693292
Surendra vivarna.

The other species s. florimel have a broad dark fascia across the HW.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82750001.html
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict14f/82750001_n001.jpg


8. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110101
This currently have been upgraded to a full species and it should be the valid name.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lim1/720640010.html


9. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110100
10.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/292110098
Athyma pravara.

10.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999369
Most likely Caltoris sirius.
The antenna shows asuggestion of a pale area; underside uniform dull ochreous; HW cilia pale.
C. sirius is not rare in the highlands but difficult to ID.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93280001.html
Male.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176722
Female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176718



11. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291999328
Potanthus lydia.
P. lydia is fairly common in the highlands.

Potanthus lydia. FW 15mm dark ,more orange.
Abdomen heavily dark banded, end black.
FW spots 2,and 3 broad, giving a distinct appearance.
Spots 4 & 5 with their inner margins often convergent.
Underside lightly dark with vague spotting.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362409
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362249



12.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693286
Female Telicota probably T. hilda.
Need UnH confirmation.

Telicota hilda.
Upperside as in T. linna, brand straight.
Underside dark shaded with the veins dark-dusted.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847177161
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362265


13.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693254
Female Potanthus trachala.

Potanthus trachala.
FW spots 4 & 5 detached from band.
FW band narrow, male with spots 2 & 3 with concave margin, female with straighter margins.
HW upper part of band projected out, female with spot 6.
Males.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/P...achala-tytleri
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176614
Female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362347


14.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816630
Oerane microthyrus.
The whitish antennal clubs are a useful guide.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91810010.html
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/O...othyrus-neaera

15.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816635
Probably Caltoris sirius.
The general appearance is similar to C. sirius.
The HW cilia is promonent..


16.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816638
17.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816636
Oerane microthyrus.
The white band is short and does not reach the costa.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91810010.html



18.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291816634
Unknown Caltoris.
The three subapical spots is more cften seen in C. brunnea.
Possibly this species.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176838



19. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693275
Unknown.
Perhaps another C. sirius.


20. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693273
Female Pelopidas mathias. Correction:Borbo cinnara.
The twin small round cellspots typify the two P. mathias & agna.
A line thru the two cellspots touches the diffuse spot in space 1b.


Pelopidas mathias.
Male A line through the two cellspots cut the male brand.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...perside_01.jpg

Female: A line thru the cellspots often touches the spot in space 1b.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.co...perside_02.jpg

20. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693273
Correction.
This is actually Borbo cinnara.

Pelopidas mathias.
Female always with a small spot just below the large spot 2.
Spot in space 1b fairly sharp.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93120001.html

Borbo cinnara.
Lacks the tiny spot below spot 2.
Spot in space 1b rather diffuse.
FW cellspots varies from 0 to 2.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93060001.html

21. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693271
Without FW cellspot.

22. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693260
With a tiny FW upper cellspot.

Both have a diffuse spot in space 1b just visible.
Both are Borbo cinnara.

Borbo cinnara.
FW cellspot none, one or two.
FW always with a diffuse spot in space 1b in both sexes.
FW spot 2 with concave outer margin.
FW spot 3 is always nearer spot 2 than spot 4.
FW subapical spots in an arc.
Antennal club rather thick.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93060001.html

Compare to Parnara bada.
Parnara bada.
FW cellspots almost always none.
FW without a spot in space 1b in both sexes.
FW spot 2 quadrate.
FW spot 3 is midway between spot 2 and spot 4.
FW subapical spots 2- 3 in a fairly straight line.
Antennae short and clubs thick.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html

23. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693264
Polytremis lubricans.
There is just no other species in which spot 2 is large and wide, and the spots yellow.
This is a variant with slightly smaller spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93150001.html
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...862_236273.jpg


24. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/291693287
Baoris farri/oceia.

The wings are a uniform brown and the veins are raised and prominent.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/si...862_236273.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.