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Dear Dr. Seow sir, we are still unknown about id pointers of Nacaduba and in India. So seeking your help on id of this confusing group. Your guidance will help us a lot.
Thank you in advance.
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1,2,3,4,& 5 are Nacaduba kurava.
6 is N. beroe.
7 is probably N. beroe,
8, 8, 10, 11& 12 are N. kurava.
N. kurava
Male with dark striae weak.
FW submarginal spots rounded without sharp points (except thewhite edgings)
UpMale deeper blue with some transparency.
UpFemale with a white patch on the blue.
Males.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...gale_ah232.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...gale_ah231.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...68b9a251-1.jpg
Females.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...huri_as043.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...Saji_ae302.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...kare_ar088.jpg:
Nacaduba beroe.
Male darkstriae weak to obsolete.
FW postdiscal band typically broken in the middle.
FW costal spot above the innermost cell band absent..diagnostic.
UpMale opaque violet blue.
UpFemale with 3 whitish submarginal spots.
Males.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...949da7a9-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...95727b2f-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...c0b68f69-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...c0b68f69-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...9dbe22f4-1.jpg
Females.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...ppil_aa537.jpg
Below both male & female berenice from Luzon are also N. beroe wrongly inserted.
http://www004.upp.so-net.ne.jp/jamid...duba-Phil.html
Singapore ssp neon female with a vague mark above the innermost band where a spot is normally absent.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...5_1-copy-4.jpg
Nacaduba berenice.
Dark striae strong in both sexes.
Costal spot above the innermost FW band always present.
Submarginal spots mostly irregular , some pointed ; FW postdiscal band usually broken in the middle.
UpMale pale blue with a frosting (sprinkled whitish dusting).
UpFemale with pale blue FW patch, some vague submarginal spots may be present.
Males.
Typical Singapore males
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...hee%20Beng.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...drick%20Ho.jpg
Thailand.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...e-1080x675.jpg
India.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...ekar_ag350.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...ekar_ag351.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...2ae6a219-2.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...2ae6a219-1.jpg
Female.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...447137cb-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...447137cb-2.jpg
Nacaduba calauria is the most confusing.
The race in P. Malaysia & Singapore is quite different from that in India.
N calauria malayica.
Dark striae strong in both sexes.
FW postdiscal band almost always straight & only submarginal spots c4 & 5 sharply pointed.
Up Male darkish violet blue.
UpFemale with a deeper blue patch than berenice.
Male ;Note the dark violet upperside showing thru the tear.
https://wanderingbutterflyeffect.fil...b3ad98860e.jpg
Female on right.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...llen%20Tan.JPG
Toxopeus described ssp evansi in S. India & Sri Lanka page 434.
https://archive.org/stream/CFGEDI192.../n465/mode/1up
The salient points.
1. UpMale brownish purple with dark gloss.
2. UpFemale dark greyish brown with wedgeshape purple on FW & a patch on HW.
3. Male submarginal lunules arranged in a sharply zigzag line; female und submarginal lunules dark brownish grey linking together to form a sharp-edged zigzag line.
Probable Nacaduba calauria evansi.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...288755ea-1.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/me...feccc321-1.jpg
TL Seow: Cheers.
PS. Note Nacaduba berenice in Australia have sharply pointed submarginal spots.