ID request

[Dilophobia]

Hi Dr. Seow, it is my first time posting here. I am Dilophobia from INaturalist, SL Liew has helped me get ID from you before. Can you help identify these species? They were all found at Bukit Tinggi, Pahang. Thanks.
1. Deramas nolens?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914088
2. Zographetus rama?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914108
3. Apologies for blur picture.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914104
4. Deramas livens?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339204
5. Which portia?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339196
6. Dacalana sinhara?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594058
7. Zographetus ogygioides?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594053
8. Which Rapala?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594052
9. Poritia phama?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273824
10. Halpe aurifera?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/266348750
11. Which Niphanda?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594056
12. Poritia philota?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914113

[Psyche]

1. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914088
Most likely Deramas jasoda.

D. jasoda (eys csmooth)
Cilia darkish not che5quered.
No orange crown on tornal black spots.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Deramas-jasoda-jasoda-3.jpg


D. nolens (also D. nelvis) have prominent orange crown.
HW cilia chequered.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict11/80180001_n001.jpg


D. livens & alixae have a weak orange crown which may be obsolete in the female.
hW cilia chequered.
D. livens
https://www.gbif.org/zh/occurrence/2847199708
female.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict11/80170001_n001.jpg


D anyx and antynax.
Hw with small orange tornal crown; cilia chequered.

[Psyche]

2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914108

Most likely Isma iapis.

Two species are very similar in appearance in the field.

Isma iapis.
Antennal club with the underside wholly white.
FW spot 2 (largest) quadrate in shape.
UnF lower zone pale.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175581
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175594
https://a4.pbase.com/o2/25/686825/1/132544830.SZ7JZXwf._LC86858x.jpg
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91880001.html


Zographetus rama.
This looks very similar.
Antennal club with half the area white beneath.
FW spot 2 irregularly elongate.
UnF lower zone brown uniform.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175586
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175593
https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/raw/img//Zographetus%20rama/164.jpg
https://indiabiodiversity.org/files-api/api/get/raw/img//Zographetus%20rama/164.jpg

It appear these are much confused with bmany conflicting images on the web.



3.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914104
4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339204
Too blur to ID.

[Dilophobia]

Thanks Dr. Seow!

[Psyche]

5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339196

The differences are so small and variation so wide it seem impossible to separate the species on the underside alone.
Some species do have a more distinct underside eg P. philota and sumatrae.

This would be either P. ericynoides or hewitsoni
Since the ground is whiter and the UnF bands have squeeze the white ground band-like space into a narrow irregular band it would appear to be P. erycinoides.
Typical P. erycinoides.
https://wingscales.com/media/600/2744-1-8258d.jpg
Typical P. hewitsoni.
https://wingscales.com/media/2400/5438-1-6a4a3.jpg

[Psyche]

6. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594058

This should be Dacalana vidura azyada or as upgraded to D. azyada azyada.

The Dacalana may be IDed thus.

D. burmana.
Postdiscal line strongly lunulate.
HW orange crown a narrow ring.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202293


D. cremera.
FW postdiscal line midway between the margin and the white discal band.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202202


Dacalana vidura or/ azyada.
FW postdiscal band nearer margin, gently curved to costa.
UnH orange crown not obliterating the dark striae in space 2.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202242
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202245


Dacalana sinhara sinhara (very rare)
FW postdiscal line nearer margin than white band, running nearly straight to costa.
UnH orange crown obliterating most of the black striae above it.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202165
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202165

[Psyche]

7. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594053
Zographetus kutu.

The two species Z. ogygia and ogygiodes are impossible to separate in the field.
The males are separated by Z. ogygia having streaks of brand on the FW, but not in Z. ogygioides.
The females are separated ,as Eliot state mainly by guesswork.

https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175579
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175576

https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175577



In Zographetus kut6u, the UnH is reddish brown with the spots obscure or obsolete.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175568

[Psyche]

8. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594052

This should be correct as Rapala rhodopis.

It is unfortunate that a large part of the HW is gone, right where most of the ID marks are.
The remaining black spot is the one at the tornal angle, not the one in space 2.

The saving grace is that a bit of the UpH is seen showing cupreous brown.

Salient features.
1. Male with UpH brownish.
2. UpF postdiscal band straight.

Rapala rhodopis.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199389
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199386
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4863798468


The three closest.

1. Rapala damona. FW band curved to costa ;UpH red; UnH specked patch full sized.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198711
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198711

2. Rapala suffusa. FW band curved to costa; UpH red; Ground yellowish; UnH specked patch half sized.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202429
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202434

3. Rapala dieneces. FW band straight ; UpH red; ground more natural brown.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198735
https://www.gbif.org/tools/zoom/simple.html?src=//api.gbif.org/v1/image/cache/occurrence/2847200126/media/494b6a97b8a5eb70ec40f409cc7ce113

[Psyche]

9. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273824

Possibly as Poritia phama.

P. phama is stated to have the FW main bands straight so that the intervening pale spacing is also fairly straight and broad.
However this is a very variable feature.
For example in Otsuka's Bornean Lycaenidae (available for download) P. phama have narrow crooked bands and P. hewitsoni have straight broad bands, the reverse of what the key states.
The IDs there was based on the upperside.

Furthermore Saito and Seki in a revision in 2006 considered phama and hewitsoni the same species and phama falls as a junior synonym.
This is followed by Yutaka.
The taxa regia and rajata formerly as ssp. of P. phama are now under P. hewitsoni.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc1/80060020.html

I leave this as P. phama.
Perhaps some one will do a molecular analysis.

Try to get an upperside.
It will give some clue of what it really is.
28818

[Psyche]

10. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/266348750
Female Pithauria stramineipennis.(wrong iD)
Correction; Halpe species. Found match: Halpe flava.

This resembles a Halpe but is very large with long FWs.
The underside pattern is very variable, often with vague interneural spots & antennae are orange-tied.
Only the male have the straw-coloured hairs.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Pithauria-stramineipennis-stramineipennis
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/observation/Pithauria%20stramineipennis_1664872884_235183.jpg
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/observation/Pithauria%20stramineipennis_1664871012_235159.jpg

[Psyche]

11.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269594056
Niphanda tessellata.
Note UnF large triangular black spot.

N. tessellata.
UnF base of space 1b marked by a large triangular black spot.
UnF inner oblique postdiscal band (macular) as wide, or wider than the outer shaded band.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4/81440001.html
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203345
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203351



N. cymbia.
UnF base of space 1b spot more ovoid.
UnF inner oblique macular band only 1/2 the width of outer band.
UnF marginal and submarginal spots in space 4, & 5 much reduced by white shading.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4/81430001.html
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200264
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200265


N. asialis
UnF base of space 1b spot narrower, more elliptical
UnF outer oblique band narrower than inner band.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4/81450001.html
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Niphanda-asialis
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203387

[Psyche]

12. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914113
Likely correct as Poritia philota.

These two species ,P. sumatrae and philota have the underside fasciations uniform without distinctive features.
They can be very similar in fieldshots.

P. sumatrae.
Underdside markings sharper and more contrasted.
The ground is whiter
Bands are typically cinnamon brown on a pale ground.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203479
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203481
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198984
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198936

P. philota.
The markings are practically identical.
Sometimes the white edgings on the black spots are wider and the HW cilia whitish.
Mainly theground is a darker ochreous/brownish with the markings poorly contrasted.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199086
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203497
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199078
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199084


Tl Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Thanks so much Dr. Seow��. I will try to get the upperside of the possible P. phama next time I go.

[Dilophobia]

Can also help with these is possible? All from Bukit Tinggi. Much appreciated.
1. Caltoris plebeia?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914120
2. Telicota hilda?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914119
3. Arhopala
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914099
4. Deudorix staudingeri?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339238
5. Pithauria
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/271639692
6. Mycalesis distanti?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339194
7. Allotinus
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339200
8. Potanthus confucius?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339213
9. Halpe hauxwelli?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339215
10. Telicota
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339223
11.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339231

[Psyche]

Post 1. 10.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/266348750
Correct ID
Female Halpe flava.

The difficulty was finding a match for the white centred interneural black spot in space 2.
Normally P. stramineipennis have at least one.

Halpe flava.
Ground light yellowish brown.
HW interneural spots 4 & 5 rather small.
Female may a white-centred spot in space 2.
Antennal tip orange (?variable).
Female with a white centre spot in space 2.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176211
Standard female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176214
Male.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456361994

[Psyche]

Post 14.
1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914120
Baoris probably B. farri.
Correction: Uncertain but probably Caltoris with larger whiter subapical spots.


Note general features.
Antennae blackish.
FW with a slight incurve at lower half.
HW often with raised veins
Abdomen obscurely banded.
Uniform brown colour.
Typical example.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/node/206665


Caltoris plebeia.
Antennae blackish.
Uniform dark purple brown colour.
FW without cellspot.
FW spot 2 always with concave outer margin.
FW spot 3 with concave margin in the male.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93380001.html
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176753
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176733
Note FW spots in below image.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/281179201

[Psyche]

Post 14, 2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914119
Likely to be Telicota besta male.

In Telicota fieldshots colour is often very confusing.
Here the individual appear very orangey as in T. augias.
Note following features.
Head & thorax greyer than wings.
Face whiter.
HW band shows indication of dark veins despite poor resolution.


Telicota besta.
Male UpF with a triangular orange patch at the base of space 2.
Male brand nearer the inner margin of black space.
UnF spot 4 & 5 aligned
UnH with the veins lightly dark-dusted; veins often prominent.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847177126
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkbmy3qWV9TRCR3XaLaMcgi9eJy4n9ZSaPehIoVgpXCJ mpi-783iTmirKDdoJItph838ajLyuz0UQat_ScuR_O8UZsK_gFiF_4 Q-0rl6o6ZbjyvpjvG6OKy6dUfMXDU2_AdE_pvccU1yI/s1600/DSC_0131.JPG
Same individual.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcaMkaEcVzwPInPMrmzA6xCz6kWCvQDNSQWc_FK6HjoQ q9bWayCFpg_5F8v9KwMe5CMgNd5ktp3g_otgnXBfdCMJ1iYfql kuGPAyYZTYDMQrADaE3zrkOr97C1nUqnGmK6BCg-uWz4e30/s1600/DSC_0303.JPG
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB5bykWzLbT51M5ByiWZI_7hDgnBZBQvtZ_CMOAXUGFg fGuSrlJWzSWH1qghzJbsLOtiTyp7yqr8nKwgHIGVF7QEWHG4xp P45F7TRmbSZp1tTSlKowfzkcaI4VvufMI5SeoFttEiX0RJw/s1600/DSC_0294.JPG


Telicota augias.
More uniformly orange, including body and face.
Male UpF with an orange patch at the base of space 2.
Male brand straight in the middle of the black space often large and filling in the sides.
UnH veins not dark-dusted in the male (lightly so in the female)
Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y3LkExqbZs8/VgoXg4gxecI/AAAAAAAABhk/g-Exi9WYzh8/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_2.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6riT3uzrel0/VgoXg6gugdI/AAAAAAAABhk/BmQspbMAvkk/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_male_1.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5336/9950853134_aaff7fdc56_b.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6Q/U6ZQMNh6IkI/AAAAAAAAOPs/KFaTN4_wis4/s1600/HFH_2956-Palm-Dart-(Telicota-augias-augias).jpg


Telicota linna.
Male UpF base of space 2 black.
Male brand in middle of black space.
UnH band the veins not dark-dusted in both sexex.
Males.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-5ETyha31-TTJisXtOhPqeWkDR1Jjk1hD1QuhoH5oB1YOQsd4v8zKPsCNhoU Wf5RRZy37sHE9AvbXmLSiU9V1uU2XNwbn13j-KRzRERQtuWt8kRGjIZ9vPFf_E5wNVzSq8QcVyZ-QDGg/s1600/Telicota-linna-Males---Horace-Tan.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS3nNVH1RkIOC-cS_9YB6dGWYosFQA57JOvn55EoWrKoVEYrqbUdNvOA8vTcLnKN QBdRVdcSi1rUpB-SMoFMfhAY-43XtJ29Ma_w9kbVPANKuKKNyhnZ6xC4kiMUgtA9I1CdY8t-MrKRM/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/TL_male_01.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-608b9a01-d3cb-4d3a-9827-d591d3395e2-resize-750.jpg


Telicota hilda.
Upperside similar to T. linna; base of space 2 dark in the male.
Underside dusky with veins darkened.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92960001.html
https://www.gbif.org/tools/zoom/simple.html?src=//api.gbif.org/v1/image/cache/occurrence/2456362549/media/f4f027f088d257d2df0ba0f223c5a6f0


Telicota colon.
Base of space 2 orange .
Male brand curved & nearer inner margin of black space.
FW spot 4 & 5 distorted and staggered out .
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92900010.html
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20colon%20stinga/Telicota-colon2-KSK.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Telicota-colon-1080x723.jpg


Telicota ohara.
Base of space 2 black.
Male brand very narrow and placed against outer margin of black space.
HW band's inner margin fairly straight.Ground dusky.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/92950010.html
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Telicota-ohara-jix

[Psyche]

P14, 3 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914099
Arhopala kurzi

The amphimuta group may be recognised by being tailless and the HW postdiscal spots placed in a staggered fashion across the cellend bar.
A. kurzi is readily IDed by the wide separation of the postdiscal band at vein 2 between spots 1b and 2.
The V spot is often broken into two.
28819
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199828
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199827
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199819
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Arhopala-kurzi

[Psyche]

P14, 4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339238

Deudorix epijarbas.
UpH clear orange red.
Underside posdiscal white striae prominent.
The black strae weak or absent.
Hw orange crown more squarish, flat-top.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199400
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199401
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ44K3u_xzbv-OZQG5Lng2kLhmvrihzNegx-GEVzpRFmMomlC_ktOGAiVVfRKWcbPhxSN0r3zVERQHk8jtcY-gIwE0qcWIJDfk1FJXIdOwYzXxpsCB8LGlYeqrHiic_qRHe4o2V StPP9g/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/Cornelian-LokePF.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Deudorix%20epijarbas%20cinnabarus/Cornelian%20-%20James.jpg


Deudorix staudingeri.
Larger size.
UpH red ground with dark fascia.
Underside white striae fading especially on the postdiscal bands.
Black striae becoming stronger.
HW orange crown tend to be more rounded.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201461
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201461
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2332137704
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/deudorix-staudingeri/


This does look more like D. staudingeri but to be certain ,try to get a UpH shot to see the dark fascia.

[Dilophobia]

This individual was around double the size of a normal epijarbas. Had a chance to shoot the upperside but decided not to… lesson learned.

[Psyche]

Post 14.
1. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/279914120

Although this looks like a Baoris the subapical spots are white and prominent ,something seen in several Caltoris species .
In Baoris the subapical spots are not prominent.

Review .
ID uncerain probably Caltoris species.


Examples of Baoris showing weak subapical spots.
https://www.besgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/PaintbrushSwift-bird-dropping.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush%20Swift%20-%20Sum%20Chee%20Ming.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Baoris%20oceia/Paintbrush-Swift---Simon-Sng.jpg

Caltoris showing clear white subapical spots.
C. cahira.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_gKc/UNkf7-O6cQI/AAAAAAAAIJg/leZVbtGOi8k/s1600/DFP+2252+Caltoris+bromus.jpg
C. bromus.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/60699155/large.jpg
Unknown spp.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/1611_65198-769-5f4f5e290e3d3-1.jpg

[Psyche]

Post 14.
5 .https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/271639692
Pithauria stramineipennis.
There are a number of vague spots which can occur in P. sramineipennis.

Normal with one white HW spot 6.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362429

Female with multiple HW white spots.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362153


P. marsena have large and distinctive white spots.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Pithauria-marsena

[Psyche]

Post 14.
6. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339194
Mycalesis distanti.

Three species are marked with enhanced white striae.

Mycalesis perseoides.
UnF submarginal band highly serrate or undulate.
Spots generally smaller.
UnH inner margins of ocelli forms a jagged indentation from the white band.
Dark discal line irregular with several teeth.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Mycalesis%20perseoides%20perseoides/MPP_adult_Federick_01.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Mycalesis%20perseoides%20perseoides/MPP_adult_Bobby_01.jpg
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/3455338047

The other two have FW spot 2 larger, more so in the females.

Mycalesis visala.
UnF submarginal band somewhat irregular with several bumps.
UnF spot sometimes very large in the female (resembling M. distanti.
UnH inner margins of ocelli form a broadly shallow indentation
UnH dark discal line slightly irregular often with one tooth.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Mycalesis%20visala%20phamis/Long%20Brand%20Bush%20Brown%20-%20Tan%20Ben%20Jin.jpg
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1640105093
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2862350326



Mycalesis distanti.
Ground colour tend to be light greyish.
UnF submarginal band rather regular with little undulation.
UnF spot very large in both sexes,
UnH inner margins of ocelli forms a sharper triangular indentation.
Upper end of white band may be angled in.
Dark discal line weak often obsolete.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847206012
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1933602883
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4091461527

[Psyche]

P14.
7. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339200
Probably female Allotinus horsfieldi.

Two species are similarly marked like unicolor.
HW postdiscal spot 6 is just under spot 7and FW postdiscal band is dislocated.
28820

Allotinus horsfieldi.
Ground colour pale buff with the markings ochreous brown.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Allotinus-horsfieldi-permagnus-2.jpg
https://a4.pbase.com/o6/25/686825/1/132321409.vm9lPhG1.AllotinusParagerydusleogoronleo goron.jpg
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2802743862

Allotinus leogoron.
Ground whiter and markings darkers giving a better contrast.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1990465027
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/5104240276

Thereis great difficulty in judging the degree of contrast.
A. horsfieldii is common.
A. leogoron is much rarer.

[Psyche]

P14
8.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339213
Potanthus rectifasciata. Form with light markings.

UpF band narrow, nearly in line from spot 5 to lower margin.
Hw with a large spot6.
UnH spots arranged in an arc, spot 6 very large, larger than spot 7.
Abdominal end banded black,
Black edging variable ,heavy or light.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4458346432
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176320
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176313


Potanthus confucius.
Abdominal end yellow.
UpF male with the band continuous without darken veins.
UnF spots broadly overlapping.
Band eged with dark spots.
Male.
Taiwan
https://moth.tbn.org.tw/images/twmoth059/twmoth290008.jpg?v=638753011633767833
Thailand.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Potanthus-confucius-dushta

[Psyche]

P14.
9. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339215
Female Halpe veluvana.

FW with cellspot, spots 2, & 3 broadly overlapping ,& yellowish.
Underside dull ochreous ,obscurely dark shaded basally & marginally.
Interneural spots weak.
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2847175864
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2847175873
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Halpe-veluvana-brevicornis

Other species without definitive HW band.

H. fushigina (previously=arcuata)
Underside broadly & finely speckled greyish brown
FW spots pale no cellspot, spots 2, 3 broadly overlapping.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Halpe-fushigina
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176311
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176311

The next two species are very difficult, differences stated are speculative.
H. wantona.
FW with a cellspot.
Underside coarsely speckled.
Interneural spots ? sharper.
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2847175862
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2847175863
Probable ID.
https://a4.pbase.com/g4/25/686825/3/145434820.pC72mTvF.jpg

Halpe pelethronix.
Very similar to H. wantona
HW interneural spots ?larger, more rounded.
Probable ID.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL_48dxMNEXiTg7H65SJA8RQ84Hmd8ULLl31kSNE_eN8 fKyCnT6hlp34cV2Q76hQ3kyY_ZVAh6vTClt_R8ie9q6UWQEG8i oT3QJLAFRBITChqUr6aJE6rT3VaWyq-1E9zzvvVGQ06Pd4U/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/DSC_0210.JPG

H. clara no info
FW without a cellspot.
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2456361941
https://www.gbif.org/fr/occurrence/2847176272

Antenna with a white dot at the base of the apiculus.
H. sikkima.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict15c/91300001_n001.jpg
H, insignis.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Halpe-insignis


H. hauxwelli.
Male with two cellspots.
Heavy spotting with the marginal spots largely separated.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Halpe-hauxwelli

[Psyche]

P14
10.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339223
Female Telicota besta.

Females.

Telicota besta.
General dull ochreous.
The veins are lightly dark-dusted and raised.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMryYX_Mf97WgVsTQVmar0CME-kAQr1Q6q8AIz0zKdekEouByncNBSIH8LQ8G40yVrSVp-T2c_dDUNiZ1CTOyHEhoCG2Ya6RWICtgP_xfKZB85VXCer4oGlv qXSDn8BigGtT6Pn6Vlz-Gu/s1600/TB_adult_female_01.jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/96594886


Telicota augias.
Veins across HW band lightly dark dusted.
Overall more orangey including the face.
Much confused with the female T. besta.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-oeax9BCEjgI/VgoXgwcBG_I/AAAAAAAABhk/k60Yqt8YTVA/s1600/Telicota%2Baugias_female.jpg
https://img.photobucket.com/albums/v297/Federick/USR/Telicotaspp_atUSROct2004.jpg


Telicota colon.
Similar to T. besta female.
The FW spots 4 & 5 are staggered out and often distorted.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-grsw9HIBWI4/VAxfuqQLhFI/AAAAAAAAQFU/ARBSsNRqbFI/s1600/HFH3772-Telicota%2Bcolon%2Bstinga.jpg


Telicota linna.
UpF cellend with two short bars.
Dull and similar to T. besta
HW veins not dark-dusted.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9SqQx_qbrsZ8IrT0wSwQeW1sdfzF7-PPOb810npz_Eyd4kLiEPINFUABpi5RK6-TLoZdE0mjKob6tLnIZzH-QFt3uVa7XPzfEmqK1UIHWaLwGEpPDAcDaUoAEKyNWR55uXFOiP ayuffM/s1600/TL_female_up_01.jpg
Underparts often whitish.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Telicota%20linna/TL_female_02.jpg


Telicota hilda.
Underside dusky, HW veins dark-dusted.
Male.
https://thaibutterflies.com/Butterflies/telicota-hilda/


Telicota ohara.
HW band with the inner margin rather straight.
Males.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Telicota-ohara-jix


Telicota bambusae .Not reliably recorded in P. Malaysia but common in India.
Resembles T. linna but small and bands broad.
Female FW cellend bars long.
Males.
Male.
https://www.flutters.org/home/photogallery/plog-content/images/butterfliesbrnbspnbspnbsphesperiidae-the-skippers-br/subfamily-hesperiinae--brnbspnbspnbsp-genus-cephrenestelicota--palm-dart-/dark-palm-dart__telicota-ancilla_ashish-tiple.jpg
Female.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telicota_bambusae#/media/File:Dark_Palm_Dart_Telicota_bambusae_UNID_by_Dr._ Raju_Kasambe_DSCN1789_(6).jpg

[Psyche]

P14.
11. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/277339231
Borbo cinnara.

Typical combination of HW spots 2, 3, and 6.
Sometimes with extra spots in between
FW subapical spots always in an arc.
Antennal clubs thick.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4LDqeuTytPqAq0C_zRXJIMTOOfjxZ-ShBtXsU_7-Jrf7qpU45frSAiRQ5dOVV3H6bGsfoRhd8YOayAfQwY2b0jTbX1 Do4EV1eufoOY4TXcYb0yaAOE28HKrLkXy4ckCgHOXoXx1sHS70 C/s1600/FS_adult_Federick_01.jpg
https://wingscales.com/media/2400/3101-1-7ab39.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Close_wing_basking_of_Borbo_cinnara_%28Wallace%2C_ 1866%29_%E2%80%93_Rice_Swift_WLB_DSC_2964.jpg/1200px-Close_wing_basking_of_Borbo_cinnara_%28Wallace%2C_ 1866%29_%E2%80%93_Rice_Swift_WLB_DSC_2964.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Thanks again Dr. Seow

[Dilophobia]

Hi Dr. Seow, could you review these when you have time? Thanks!
1. Fraser’s hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62016880
2. Neptis - FRIM
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177472292
3. Arhopala eumolphus? - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184499614
4. Pelopidas assamensis? - Fraser’s hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/182608396
5. Allotinus? - TBSNA
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177946864
6. Scobura? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199180331
7. Arhopala? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199180329
8. Arhopala? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233217035
9. Nacaduba? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233217018
10. Arhopala? - Kuala Woh
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697742
11. Arhopala? - Kuala Woh
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697739

[Psyche]

P30, 1. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62016880
Very likely Pithauria stramineipennis.
Since the bodyshape barely distrted, the long FW is indicative of Pithauria.
P. stramineipennis has a very variable underside.
There is indication of a white spot (in space 6) indicative of this species.
https://www.thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Pithauria-stramineipennis-1080x721.jpg
https://d29tlldvxtis6c.cloudfront.net/full/p6161233-pithauriastramineipennislightstrawace1743.jpg



P30, 2.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177472292
Neptis leucoporos.
This is a common species readily identifiable by 2 feature.
FW postdiscal spotat the lower margin is the smallest.
Abdomen with a white band.
Male and female.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Neptis%20leucoporos%20cresina/Grey%20Sailor%202%20-%20LC%20Goh.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiza18LFmS5UsHKy4gLzoZ6r6X8EpCttQTfUv9EGhQl7d cFjNdV3jDb4_8Rxlnx5trXZDCmQ4E0Y9NoIbnAoGapzVtKVj-c307fYVC4qX_DuCH8RnCnzUzptamPbxdTPcXQdDvbdmLN94A/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/GreySailor.jpg

[Psyche]

P30 3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184499614
More likely to be Arhopala horsfieldi.

The eumolphus group have the FW spot 4 shifted out.
The HW postdiscal band is only partially dislocated at vein 2 with the V spot.
HW spot 7 sits on top of spot 6.
The two species a eumolphus and horsfieldi are almost identical on the underside.

A. eumolphus.
UnH tornal green metalmark flatter with a grey-green dusting forming an inner layer to space 2.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200714
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200678
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Arhopala%20eumolphus%20maxwelli/green%20oakblue%20-%203%20-%20Fedrick%20Ho.jpg
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Arhopala-eumolphus-maxwelli


A. horsfieldi.
UnH tornal green metalmark more compact and restricted, black spot often large.
Inner grey green dusting much less often not extending to space 2.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200450
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200036
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200005
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/BasiviridisMMUpUn_593_594_AC1.jpg

[Psyche]

P30. 4 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/182608396
Probably female Pelopidas mathias.


Pelopidas assamensis is a large species.
Antennae have a large white band, mostly on the underside.
Spots are distinctly white.
FW spots large, the subapical spots straight or nearly so.

UnH spot 4 often wide ie horizontally oblong.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362154
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362348
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Pelopidas-assamensis


Pelopidas mathias female.
Ground colour grey-tinged , with a dirty look.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2LvsRsD6nwX-tuvk5jT3fqhVUYW-8x64bL2MK9Vf8j_NJkiEeeo95tv6Xd6_W2uZl5wsKL8F_DlSyM _ZwxITHOkGvbMlN9fQYLZkvIoaCMr1lPLYBgRxz2FYbSGgUhF5 ZZ0_AgQuJz6Nr/s1600/SBS_adult_01.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/budak/52106479549

Pelopidas agna female.
Ground colour not grey-tinged, with a uniform clean look.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLLX75Fd_Lu3TD9PJzTAaUGG-yS6_d-Xku27iqm2ydPpDbnBibQAVHMCoJ7DPOFGejnYS8AeQdG9-VmFg9fKKoBK1E0qAGDh7g9Y0TV-Qx5V0rzmKZj-AI4PN3VCJBhlW_PGA_6jyjhbo/s1600/BengalSwiftF-KSK.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gancw1/22195353146

[Psyche]

P30, 5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177946864
Allotinus substrigosus.

Two species are very similar, in that UnH space 7 have a central(discal) black spot.

A. substrigosus is the commoner species.
Ground whitish.
UnH postdiscal spot in space 7 ( on the outside of the black spot), is not darken.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc2/80430001.html
https://www.gbif.org/ru/occurrence/2847203186
https://www.gbif.org/ru/occurrence/2847203179


Allotinus davidis.
Ground pale buff.
UnH postdiscal spot in space 7 shaded black on the inner margin.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203304

[Psyche]

P30 6. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199180331
Scobura isota.

Two species are similar.

Scobura isota.
UnH with two main spot,at space 2 and a combination spot in space 4 7 5.
A tiny satellite spot sometimes present in space 1b attached to the bottom of spot 2.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91680001.html
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Scobura-isota


Scobura cephala.
UnH with three spots in space 1b, 2 and a combination spot in space 4 & 5.
The spots in space 1b and 2 of equal size and separated.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91670001.html

[Psyche]

P30 8. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233217035
Arhopala trogon.

Arhopala stinga is known only from a restricted area in S.E. Johor.
The male can only be separated from trogon male from the upperside.
The female is unknown.

Arhopala trogon.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203282
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203282
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203262


Arhopala stinga.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847203288
Presumptive male & female fieldshots from SE Johor.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4919418176
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/3947475398

[Psyche]

P30. 7. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199180329
Uncertain
markings suggest cleander group.
Wide spacing of postdiscal & submarginal spots on the HW suggest a large species.
The long tail is also seen in large species.
Probably A. cleander itself but FW too blur to see details.



P30 9. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233217018
Likely Nacaduba hermus.

Four line blues with obscure dark striae.
HW tornal black spot with metallic scales.

N. pactolus have a distinctive HW submarginal spot 6 which drops sharply to the rest of the submarginal spots.
male and female.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Nacaduba%20pactolus%20odon/Nacaduba%20pactolus%20odon%20male%20-%20horace.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Nacaduba%20pactolus%20odon/Nacaduba%20pactolus%20odon%202%20-%20Sunny.jpg

N. hermus is the only other similar 4line blue in which the tornal spot may have a variable amount of metallic scales.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201975
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201952
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAXeH-b2_y8eWzDH7u3xXW-O5PyZllr0LSBGLIrkaudSLRVLFtzGVe16yXzgR_euz-mDdiNyyJTzzNCuNZ2OO64BvDakEHSyEE4-WGR1Bmn4FotKusufwD6_g0K_5yJJXGz4QEEITyyS2R3PGdfIG_-z-3UhHoMzMUpsDuTJ5PQ48RSowRN2jRotCxYOQ/s800/P4LB_adult_Zick_01.jpg

[Psyche]

P30, 10.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697742
Arhopala democritus lycaenaria.
Correction : ID uncertain. Probably A. eumolphus.
The difficulty in making out the pattern and the irregularly highlighted white striae indicate its ID.
The northern ssp democritus is different.
https://pbase.com/lcgoh/image/162399000



P30, 11. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697739
Too difficult to ID.
IT does look a member of the cleander group, the smaller sized alea subgroup.
28824


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Thank you sir

[Psyche]

P30, 10. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229697742

Correction ID uncertain. (Added) Probably Arhopala eumolphus .
Although it looks somewhat like A. democritus lycaenaria the white striae are too thick.

Examples of A. democritus lycaenaria.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200520
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200765
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4867861132
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4872523489

A. democrutus democritus.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847198532
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847200523


TL Seow: Cheers.
P.S.
Highly possible it is just Arhopala eumolphus which have irregular spots and shows a similar highlighting of the white striae.
eg.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9-TpkLyEwt_GF6Kcie6jPZmAtqHogSkOS4wZlXxJz2wAwOufnCA5 SyeGRE-PZB3kBMCdqA-R-lg4ySjYpRnRvEC2V4VdzsUuvd4u0txPdD1RoWmSeWxvyQdEXcs VxQ0SoVCjjvft6hNEK/s1600-h/GOB-2.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Arhopala-eumolphus-maxwelli.jpg

[Dilophobia]

How often can you ID my pictures? I have quite a bit more but don’t want to overload you.

[Psyche]

How often can you ID my pictures? I have quite a bit more but don’t want to overload you.


If you present with a few, not more than five requests at a time, that should be all right.
Let me take my time.
I do a lot of cross- checkings with possible IDs.
Some shots are impossible to solve.


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Ok! Can help with these?
1. Rapala? - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/257119822
2. Arhopala? - Penang Botanical Gardens
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/256458452
3. Allotinus? - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/256458452
4. Matapa? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/241845743
5. Choaspes? - Fraser’s Hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/241845743

[Psyche]

P43
1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/257119822
This is a very difficult shot to ID.
It probably is R. dieneces.
The orange crown seem to have a bit of similar flare.
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Rapala-dieneces-dieneces
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Rapala%20dieneces%20dieneces/Scarlet-Flash---Khew.jpg



P43, 2.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/256458452
Arhopala pseudomuta.

this belongs to the alitaeus group.
28825

Two similar species with paler poorly contrasted markings.

A. pseudomuta have more rounded spots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict14f/82010001_n001.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Arhopala%20pseudomuta%20pseudomuta/Pseudomuta%20-%203%20-%20Horace.jpg

A. elopura have spots with straighter margins.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Arhopala-elopura.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhopala_elopura#/media/File:ArhopalaElopuraElopuraMUpUnAC1.jpg


There are duplicate pix in your next three observations.

[Dilophobia]

Sorry, must have misclicked.
3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/249756946
4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/241845743
5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678078

[Psyche]

P43, 4.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/241845743
Matapa aria.


Matapa may be recognised bytheir red eyyes and spotless wings.

Matapa aria.
Uniform brown colour.
Cilia of both wings similar being pale buff.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/309851/large.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJTTrCKy5HLA4EhAIrYAPN-ZP5xFg2zIVPc3v2Wmdv6IpMsCVzsFqXhvj_O0FOsTEN1aijIoz C8kpGroLcAl9KHHrisjenx02EYPLWeZ2f2uLQ9TA4BtxtUVz_X mhzXr44dW8F5aLQ19LS/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/CRE_adult_Benedict_01.jpg

Matapa druna.
Male with a large crescent brand. HW cilia a deeper yellow/orange than the Fw.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/94_961-452-545f0ac6d6bd2-1.jpg

Matapa deprivata is a little known species.
DJong who described the first male from Myanmar, state the upperside is glossed with dark purple and the apex is paler on both sides,Upf, & UnF.
The male lacks a brand.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362151

[Psyche]

P43. 3 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/249756946
Allotinus unicolor.

The position pof HW postdiscal spots 5, 6, 7 7 are set in a triangle.
28826
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU_ymhKUFL-Jx7Y6ckFaw1EaUN7z52b3ORDBwD1iG1wv8H4A9PZ2IjGCBHW_h Wv60iTQpqM5V9haWFgJTyOUgK-WRqIGSHdzF3lhrNnopcuxzGIxPLCLHcqBhMPKKw5uS9ImIIBjW gtSs/s1600/LesserDarkwing6-KSK.jpg

[Psyche]

P43. 5.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678078
Choaspes stigmatus.
disregarding the big blaack spot, notice within thee orange folds there is hardly any black.
28827

Choaspes stigmatus.
Black patch within orange tailfold small and not reaching near the margin.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456361972
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/npict15/90300010_n001.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Choaspes-stigmatus2.jpg

Choaspes subcaudatus.
Black patch inside fold larger and reaching closer to the margin.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176222
https://wingscales.com/media/2400/3165-1-f473c.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSYwTx1RTWcYG26S9FkcTDpbM6SLUANd0lKuhCNlpzGx 71YOopOm-YISozfbYeJlJ5wMpU84VQLOTfUsBwQ5h8GXBghY3rxF3ktNahs kXrlivl7IJyc4wvIYFcDCUgauRLzcc25s6L_hs/s1600/DSC_0276.JPG


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Appreciate it Sir. Could ID these too?
1. Allotinus? - Fraser’s Hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678073
2. Rapala scintilla? - Fraser’s Hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678065
3. Burara? - Fraser’s Hill
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678056
4. Baoris? - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273836
5. ? - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273826

[Psyche]

P49, 1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678073
Allotinus horsfieldi.

The placement of the HW spots 5, 6, & 7 are much as in A. unicolor, horsfieldi and leogoron
But note the spots are crescent.
A. unicolor have rounded spots.
FW postdiscal band is distinctly dislocated.
These below are similae examples.
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Allotinus-horsfieldi-permagnus

[Psyche]

P49, 2.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678065
Likely correct as Rapala scintilla male.

The part of the HW postdiscal band running beside the speckled patch in space 1b is a straight slant.
The underside looks grey although it is too dark & blur.

Rapala scintilla.
Male upperside blueshot only on the HW.
UnH postdiscal band in space 1b a straight slant, as in iarbus and manea.
Underside greenish grey.
FW postdiscal band more or less straight, often a slight bent at vein 4.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847202402
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199416
Female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847199419

https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2576285671

[Psyche]

P49 3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/234678056
Burara harisa.
The HW orange cilia reaches about vein 5.
HW tornal area shaded orange.
HW patch streaky.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkoM4RyzGCrq8EysQFUZRRCrfjVTRP1yDhS7LGFRxFRe bJLTDUuQCzx1VVq_mKt2SsHH25V9YJ68a1bJMAr-eidfB1qW94c_BDpTTdlGYxmVBRjCr7bRZbWLzclVv14PeXCEuJ w7pmejE/s1600/OA_adult_Sunny_03.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9VajQRswcO4yGddj2agRlwXzowjgyIqqXSnRW9swOZ7 b4d3eSHWMnzZ4vRIlrdvS6nOoCCyC4TYxkHYv0d2xIZ68iKZxn BUgx09o3AXEjFFRnMgviUgT_cnqZZhMkLvSXBA1UeXhn5Mo/s1600/OA_adult_Sunny_02.jpg
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Burara-harisa.jpg


Burara jaina.
HW with a discal streaky patch as in harisa.
HW tornal area largely clear of orange shading.
HW orange cilia reaches vein 6- 7.
FW may have a white cellspot.
https://wingscales.com/media/2400/89-1-8e89f.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burara_jaina#/media/File:Orange_Awlet-Kakkayam.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burara_jaina_by_V_K_Chandrasekharan.jpg


Other two similar species.
B. etelka
HW orange cilia only reaches vein 4-5.
HW patch solid, often doubled and set close to the cellend.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Burara%20etelka/GOA_adult_05_field_c.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Burara%20etelka/Burara_etelka_Khew.jpg
o
B. oedipodea.
HW orange cilia reaching vein 6.
HW patch solid, single ,and set well separated from the cellend.
Hw lower third heavily shaded orange.
Male have upper part of HW folded over, causing a deformed look.
https://wingscales.com/Hesperiidae/Burara-oedipodea-oedipodea

[Psyche]

P49 4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273836
Caltoris species.
Rounded subapical spots.

The ochreous brown underside and highland habitat suggest Caltoris sirius.
An upperside view required.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93280001.html
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847176722

[Psyche]

P49, 5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273826
Baoris species but which?

A pale mark at the HW cellend is sometimes seen as in this female from Singapore.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0rwJjrQ_JS8/UtvUmPecUgI/AAAAAAAANUo/_eleBd9rZ4Y/s1600/HFH_0894+female+of+Baoris+oceia.jpg

TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

I do not have a clue. Which Baoris is in the photo? Thanks for the IDs.

[Dilophobia]

Can help to ID these?
1. Potanthus - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273821
2. Neptis - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273820
3. Amathusia - Taman TAR
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/268687246
4. Potanthus - Bukit Tinggi
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/268048046
5. Arhopala - Taman TAR
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/282021400

[Psyche]

P56. 1. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273821
Female Potanthus trachala.
FW spots 4 & 5 detached ,separated from the band.
HW upper part of band partially separated and shifted outwards.
Underside bands edged with dark spots.
28828
Males.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/_yzw2AzY2du4/TR38IjsxkHI/AAAAAAAAFbU/q8mjxJswym0/s1600/PotanthusM01a.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-kvlAhJLLsd0/VAxf7FbehUI/AAAAAAAAQFc/hP3tC8esw5s/s1600/HFH3746-Potanthus-trachala-tytleri.jpg
Females.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2456362347
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4954570446

[Psyche]

P56. 2.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/269273820
Neptis omeroda.


Neptis harita.
Hw submarginal fasciae form a chain-link like band.
https://wingscales.com/Nymphalidae/Neptis-harita-harita

The other two have the HW submarginal fasciae regular.

Neptis ilira.
Upperside darkish with the markings diffuse.
FW cellend spot and cell band fully separated by a cross bar.
https://wingscales.com/Nymphalidae/Neptis-ilira-cindia

Neptis omeroda.
Markings sharper.
FW ce34llend spot and cell band only partially separated by the cross bar.
FW postdiscal spot 2 quadrate.
https://wingscales.com/Nymphalidae/Neptis-omeroda-omeroda

[Psyche]

P56, 3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/268687246
Amathusia phidippus male.

The Amathusia can be extremely difficult to ID.
However, here the upperside is visible.
The margins of both wings are dull pale and diffuse.
UnH 4th band from the base (paler than the preceding three, and adjacent to the large median band have a regular un-notched margins.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204536
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204586
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Amathusia%20phidippus%20phidippus/Palm%20King%20-%20Nelson%20Ong.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Amathusia%20phidippus%20phidippus/Palm-King%20-%20SimonSng.jpg

Two species are very similar.


Amathusia friderici holmahunti.
In the typical form the upperside is marked with dull orange.
The 4th band UnH is always lightly notched by the veins along both margins.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204545
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204541

A. friderici form utana (also treated as a ssp.) is very dark in male and the underside is more heavily shaded.
This has become common in oil palm plantation.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204538
https://www.gbif.org/tools/zoom/simple.html?src=//api.gbif.org/v1/image/cache/occurrence/2847204537/media/7c4d795b15c51803015ea3d519ab28a4
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204973



Amathusia binghami.
This is larger, and the upperside have more intense dark orange.
The HW margin is also strongly dark orange.
UnF median bandis broad, usually broadef than the pale postdiscal band.
The 4th band UnH is lightly notched along the margin.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204923
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204933
Female.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847204546

[Psyche]

P56. 4.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/268048046
Most likely female Potanthus ganda.

The abdominal end is yellow, shaded dark but not black banded.
Most females Potanthus have some dark shading of the abdominal end.

Potanthus omaha.
UnH very lightly dark shaded.
Veins across the HW band are distinctlt dark-shaded.
Males.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4171164544
https://www.butterflycircle.com/checklist/mugshots/Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha/272%20Potanthus%20omaha%20omaha%20(Lesser%20Dart)% 20Bobby%20Mun.jpg
Female
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4171619755

Potanthus ganda.
This can be confusingly similar. Probably some crossing occur.
The male is a deeperyellow and can be quite orangey.
Veins unH are not or barely darkened.
Males
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2465105624
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2242868662
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4171347629
Females
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1945456229
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmrj4zcOc0BQK3j1sNmHUaQu6lLNQQ-GPjAwkPvBs9vmbulEeQFftP1n-2eRMju5QUNtoKs-O3dNDpS-Rprg0p_LQSvk-WRq8t9SyEg1hh4l8Z-7zar-uju7ibV9II83LM_rYhYIr1TX0/s1600/Potanthus_ganda_cat4of4_underside.jpg


Potanthus mingo differs in having the abdominal en black-banded.
UnH banh is heavily edged by black spots which may give a zigzag appearance.
Male.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS5_9wwftHbJ6C97VFfHjBljap90yqt_K6g0UFJXldfl OxGwk1rxYh6RckpLxYxa60P6tqMhtRjk626-ndg_G6sE0LZPX4TCcc_LPqi3SUVLUQ1AA6vncK9CX0KCZ8qiaN E-dSHhNeVVY/s1600/_MG_1531.jpg
Female on the left.
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tFtROXZYiZI/W_ErxDkE91I/AAAAAAAAUA0/vigPklu01Zk8ED1PVNUUuA9YRNAfy41dQCLcBGAs/s1600/HFH_3107%2BPotanthus%2Bmingo.JPG
The mating pair may look like P. trachala but the FW spots 4 & 5 overlap the main band whereas in P. trachala they do not.
P. trachala male.
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/8c/bd/70/8cbd702e535779b37521f7b0db7b591d.jpg

[Psyche]

P56, 5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/282021400
Likely to be Arhopala phanda.

The cleander group FW spot 4 not shifted out, UnH spot 7 atop spot 6. postdiscal band fully dislocated at vein 2.

Two main subgroup.
The cleander subgroup are large with the markings well separated, so that on the HW the submarginal and pstdiscal bands are well apart. eg A. athada, silhetensis.
A. athada.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF_ljVuC84AQGMsi3iPHXiGkG5pKRCYzmnycMwbu3Qtj ni4spNNvgC059BMXNBL7HrETddvxrDBgbOoWRi8Qca1IPQhHRc _jpCowAw4XUcGwWKZ54Vh3s5WYK1Cjp_4dbMTs-JFdNTOqo/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/Athada_adult_m_3.jpg

The alea subgroup are about half the size of the cleander members, so that on UnH the submarginal and postdiscal bands are close and often touch.
eg A. sublustris.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAISrrNxVsaJ9u8wJUe0Oni6vDVEtyPil0yMSW3_kqES QG3VK5CvMcm5i1wb-F4aeqmOPrhca-YbqBwJ7fs_w5555S5eer2YGDU1kw06txE2h5uMG_9x-VttPCLsCOajYi1vA81E8bbDI/s1600/DSC_0264.JPG


Arhopala phanda.
Upperside male darkish blue.
Underside postdiscal band broad.
UnH spot 6 and 7 almost equally large and set like a column.
eg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhopala_phanda
https://m.singapore.biodiversity.online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Lepidoptera-000442
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82150001.html


TL Seow: Cheers.

[Dilophobia]

Thanks again sir

[Dilophobia]

Hi Dr. Seow, could you please ID these?
1. Scobura? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233218170
2. Curetis? - Batang Kali
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233218149
3. Matapa aria? - Kuala Woh
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699902
4. Isma? - Kuala Woh
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699896
5. Pyroneura? - Kuala Woh
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699901

[Psyche]

Post 63.

1. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233218170
Scobura isota.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91680001.html

S. cephala is similar but the third HW cspot is large.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/91670001.html




2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/233218149
Likely t be Curetis santana.

FW black border too wide at the tornus to be C. felderi
Also HW Postdiscal spots 6 & 7 in line, while submarginal spots 6 & 7 out of line, as in santana.
28830
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc3/84050010.html


C. felderi.
Palpi white ,not spotted with red.
HW postdiscal spot 6 under spot 7.
HW submarginal spots 6 & 7 out of line.
Fw black border very narrow at tornus.
legs banded red (can appear black in fieldshots.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc3/84080001.html
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201379
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847201383
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/CuretisFelderiMUpUnAc1.jpg



3. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699902
Matapa druna.
HW cilia broader and more orangey yellow than FW.
https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/sites/default/files/observation/Matapa%20druna_1665388405_237093.jpg

M. aria cilia of both wings of nearly similar tone.
https://pictureinsect.com/image-handle/image/1080/153460981119320067.jpeg?x-oss-process=image/format,webp


4. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699896
Isma bononia.
Underside olivaceous/ochreous.
Abdomen not banded.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.amazonaws.com/photos/46345835/large.jpg
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175474
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175492
I. bononoides.
Underside rusty-scaled; Abdomen banded.
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175505
https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2847175499



5. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/229699901
Likely to be Pyroneura latoia.
There is a faint streak in space 5 on the FW.
P. latoia always have this opalescent streak (variable).
https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48484759021_6e0042f891_c.jpg

In P. derna it is always absent.
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0SXjrRGBsxSMZl6DMFRN41YcHT0yXTQcSu-eTuNeI3cHdN23if1eqvWK_84yfqBh7CeMUBs2vK8Ra-ikoxhnttqm2DHRsomzNwAP8qSms5ia5leahwF99HIMnzyock02 Ap5jl41BslGQ/s1600/DSC_0171.JPG


TL Seow; Cheers.