Psyche
24-May-2013, 10:07 PM
Curetis bulis is a fairly common Sunbeam that although recorded in Singapore before appeared to have become extinct.
It is very easily confused with C santana on the underside.
There appeared to a lot of error images, not just on the net but with the reference books as well.
The errors which had cause so much confusion are:
Yutaka website. A series of C. acuta images had been inadvertently added to C. bulis (Those with pointy angular wings.).
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc3/84030001.html
C&P4 plate 34 no 18 which is the underside of C. bulis & not santana.
Fleming L378 which is the upperside & underside of male C. santana & not C. bulis.
Fleming L379 Un. which is the underside of C. bulis female & not C. santana.
C. santana. HW postdiscal mark (part of the band) in space 6 in line with the mark in space 7.
Submarginal marks in space 6 & 7 out of alignment.
Palpi red-spotted.
Typical male & female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0ICztPUghRQ/TezJrJqaIMI/AAAAAAAALFo/e0n7DK9mzZ8/s1600/Malayan_Sunbeam_adult_male_female_01.jpg
Less obvious example.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tTH4Ny3aNUc/T75Qu3b9MhI/AAAAAAAAHco/HxO6K2HgdLU/s1600/MalayanSunbeam-JonSoong.jpg
C. bulis. HW postdiscal mark in space 6 often narrow & tuck under & inwards (basad) from the mark in space 7.
Submarginal marks in space 6 & 7 more or less aligned end to end (if present).
Palpi red-spotted.
Two examples. Note red-spotted palpi
http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7183/7093489197_179a52def1_c.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Uh_SxsS0Ybc/T-ZNf8ZgnEI/AAAAAAAAGOs/rq3JqrEpQZA/s1600/DSC_1854-Malayn+Sunbeam+(Curetis+santana+malayica).jpg
A 3rd species with a similar slanting postdiscal band may be mentioned in case it turns up as well.
C. felderi HW postdiscal mark 6 tuck under mark 7 as in bulis, but submarginal marks out of alignment as in santana.
Palpi are white & unspotted.
This example from Brunei have a more extreme inward postdiscal mark 6.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/CuretisFelderiMUpUnAc1.jpg/250px-CuretisFelderiMUpUnAc1.jpg
Unfortunately there are no image shot so far of C. bulis.
This website has an image of C. bulis labelled as C. santana purportedly from Singapore.
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/Taxonomy%202.htm
TL Seow:cheers:
It is very easily confused with C santana on the underside.
There appeared to a lot of error images, not just on the net but with the reference books as well.
The errors which had cause so much confusion are:
Yutaka website. A series of C. acuta images had been inadvertently added to C. bulis (Those with pointy angular wings.).
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc3/84030001.html
C&P4 plate 34 no 18 which is the underside of C. bulis & not santana.
Fleming L378 which is the upperside & underside of male C. santana & not C. bulis.
Fleming L379 Un. which is the underside of C. bulis female & not C. santana.
C. santana. HW postdiscal mark (part of the band) in space 6 in line with the mark in space 7.
Submarginal marks in space 6 & 7 out of alignment.
Palpi red-spotted.
Typical male & female.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0ICztPUghRQ/TezJrJqaIMI/AAAAAAAALFo/e0n7DK9mzZ8/s1600/Malayan_Sunbeam_adult_male_female_01.jpg
Less obvious example.
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tTH4Ny3aNUc/T75Qu3b9MhI/AAAAAAAAHco/HxO6K2HgdLU/s1600/MalayanSunbeam-JonSoong.jpg
C. bulis. HW postdiscal mark in space 6 often narrow & tuck under & inwards (basad) from the mark in space 7.
Submarginal marks in space 6 & 7 more or less aligned end to end (if present).
Palpi red-spotted.
Two examples. Note red-spotted palpi
http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7183/7093489197_179a52def1_c.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Uh_SxsS0Ybc/T-ZNf8ZgnEI/AAAAAAAAGOs/rq3JqrEpQZA/s1600/DSC_1854-Malayn+Sunbeam+(Curetis+santana+malayica).jpg
A 3rd species with a similar slanting postdiscal band may be mentioned in case it turns up as well.
C. felderi HW postdiscal mark 6 tuck under mark 7 as in bulis, but submarginal marks out of alignment as in santana.
Palpi are white & unspotted.
This example from Brunei have a more extreme inward postdiscal mark 6.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/CuretisFelderiMUpUnAc1.jpg/250px-CuretisFelderiMUpUnAc1.jpg
Unfortunately there are no image shot so far of C. bulis.
This website has an image of C. bulis labelled as C. santana purportedly from Singapore.
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/Taxonomy%202.htm
TL Seow:cheers: