A revision.

Evans state of C. bromus, that the female have 1- 2 HW spots.
this was taken to meant that the Male do not have HW spots.

C&P 4's key actually do not state the sex, indicating that the male may also have HW spots.
Yutaka website shows a male with two Hw spots.The female with one.
https://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93320001.html

A recent expedition to Nepal shows both sexes of C. bromus bromus have two HW spots.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/...fig4_363417945

Caltoris bromus bromus.
Antennae with prominent pale areas.
[/I]FW with two cellspot usually large, SUbapical spots large often two, sometime three.
HW dark brown overlaid with ochreous scales ,generally contrasting little with the FW


Most males in Singapore have no HW spots .
Typical males C. bromus bromus.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/184641820
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/131436413
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/38212403
Just a tiny white dot in HW space 2.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149217007

Males with definite HW spots are known.
HW is somewhat reddish which is confusing.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189748177
This was thought to be a female back then, but the wingshape is male.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/38174859


The female more often have a HW spot in space 2.
No examples with two spots are seen.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/13664032
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189751484

These should be correct as females without any hW spot.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/114602509
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/14127347


Fieldshot ID can be very difficult as the colour keeps on varying.

C. cormasa is the most confusing.
Generally this is redder ,HW deeper reddish & contrasted, FW subapical always small ,upper cellspot small.
Two males 1 female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...1898/large.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TjKxWVHrQ...herHern_01.jpg
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...obby%20Mun.jpg


Two fieldshots in which the HW have multiple spots are intriguing .
They appear to be Caltoris, with pale areas on the antennae & largish spots.
They also do not match any other genera.


1.https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/13297994
The HW is very dark brown ie chocolate & would suggest C. cahira, but cahira is stated never to have any HW spots.

2. https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/96995697
This suggest Pelopidas but it does not match any known species & the HW lacks a cellspot.


TLSeow: Cheers.