1, 2, & 3 are typical male Pantoporia sandaka sandaka.
Note in 3 the closeness of the submarginal orange band to the other spots & the long 'foot'.
4. In the past I would have quickly conclude this typical P. hordonia based on the wide grey band.
Consider the following facts.
1. There are a dozen or so identifiable male P. sandaka , but not a single male specimen of P. hordonia have been observed I believed for more than 20 years.
The last recognisable P. hordonia males appear to be these two. https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-eHnx5jNOl...ascar-KSK5.jpg https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oiSX3-kyP...ascar-KSK4.jpg
The identification of the species is based on the male.
Without a single observation of a confirmed male P. hordonia, 4 is likely to be a female P. sandaka.
Note the orange band does not fade out at the apex.
The male of P. sandaka have a large white speculum ( a patch of specialised scales) on the HW.
This is largely hidden at rest.
It is sometimes seen as a white highlight indicating its lower margin. SANdO.png
Thank you so much doctor Seow for such a insightful explanation! Words cannot express the feeling i have now but i find it extremely helpful! But this eans i still have to keep looking for p.hordonia somewhere in SG
My friend here has shot this skipper at pulau ubin, which is in a quite worned out condition. My initial ID is Zographetus doxus, ID from the white antenna and ground colour of the wings of the skipper itself. However, i discovered that there are other species that look alike, namely the Zographetus ogygia. I think it could very well be said for a range of species of skipper however.
I kindly request to hear your second opinion of this observation, and i dropped the inaturalist link below since i do not have the photo. All credits goes to Yu Fei who shot this photo.
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