Skipper ID request

[LJK1410]

I see, thank you for the clarifications Dr Seow!

[Psyche]

The three Caltoris ,namely cormasa, bromus & cahira can sometimes be rather confusing because of the change in colour tone in photography.

Caltoris bromus is normally more uniforly brown.
FW subapical typically two & cellspot prominent.
Males Singapore.
https://i13.photobucket.com/albums/a...psd5aebfd1.png
https://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d...012---7140.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...587/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9155/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...7817/large.jpg

The female C. bromus is confusingly variable.
It is one of only two species in S.E. Asia in which the female may have one to two white spots on the HW.

Females Singapore.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...387/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...504/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...513/large.jpeg

The next series of pix which represent one individual from CCA/Bukit Timah (Feb.2020), is remarkable for being very reddish as in cormasa.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...2716/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...3072/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...3064/large.jpg

Compare C. bromus from Taiwan & H.K.
Taiwan male.
https://taieol.tw/files/muse_taieol/...?itok=SOs7_4qm
Females.
https://data.taieol.tw/files/eoldata...52/h34-2-1.jpg
https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2813...c2551d54_b.jpg
http://woxiong.butterfly-photo.com/d...e.php?pid=1261
H.K.
females.https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...2566/large.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/30585551@N08/18806893565

Thailand.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93320001.html



Caltoris cahira have a more consistent appearance, the HW is dark chocolate.
I recall Horace raised a male.
Male P. Malaysia.
https://live.staticflickr.com/5739/2...ca2c13f4_b.jpg
Females Singapore.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7l1dr3n_gK...ris+bromus.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...3281/large.jpg

Compare C. cahira austeni from Taiwan (same ssp.)
Male.
https://insectaintegration.wpbox.sit...%E7%85%A71.jpg
Female.
https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8170/...48f3ce8b_z.jpg

Caltoris kumara remais unrecorded here.
The female may have HW spots.FW lacks cellspot.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93350010.html
https://eol.org/pages/182384


TL Seow: CHeers.

[LJK1410]

Hi Dr Seow,

Shot this really faded skipper, not sure if you are able to ID this, but any advice would be appreciated. There is no HW cell spot, and 2 lower HW spots maybe a third but I'm not too sure.

Parnara sp? Here is the iNaturalist link for higher resolution: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140355654
photo1667036453.jpeg
photo1667036453 (1).jpeg

Same individual shot by Lumin Ong with slightly more visible upperside spots.
WhatsApp Image 2022-10-29 at 4.49.36 PM.jpeg

[LJK1410]

Also, is this Pantoporia sandaka or hordonia? Shot by Lumin. Thank you!

WhatsApp Image 2022-10-29 at 2.57.30 PM.jpeg

[Psyche]

Post 53.

Male Pelopidas agna.

If there is only the 1st pic there would be great difficulty in IDing this.
Pix 2 & 3 shows two round cellspots, the path of male brand, a black line running from the large rectangular spot 2.
Underside colour uniform brown.

http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93090001.html

P. agna. FW spots 2 & 3 narrow, rectangular. Underside uniformly brown.
Males.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...A_male_06a.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tQNuynda7...A_male_06b.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0ay6g4CBF...A_male_05c.jpg

Pelopidas mathias.
FW spots 2 & 3 wide, quadrate. Underside shaded grey or smudged & 'dirty'.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...678/large.jpeg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...ft%20-bene.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vqr7KmROf...perside_01.jpg

[Psyche]

Post 54.

Likely to be the female Pantoporia sandaka.
Although the grey band is wide, it seem variable in the female P. sandaka.
The orange submarginal band is expanded at the apex, which do not happen in P. hordonia.
To proof P. hordonia is still extant in Singapore someone need to shoot a male, which have not happen for 20 years.



P. sandaka sandaka.
Male postdiscal spot 2 with large 'foot' extending inwards along the lower margin.
Grey submarginal band always very narrow in the male, variable in the female.
Orange submarginal band often expanded at the FW apex.
P. Malaysia.
Males.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c8rXTibfeq...0/DSC_0137.JPG
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...563/large.jpeg
Female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...444/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...7163/large.jpg

Singapore males.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...0835/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...0649/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...946/large.jpeg
https://farm1.staticflickr.com/939/4...7f1ca40b_b.jpg
Singapore females.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...erick%20Ho.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...2040/large.jpg
https://singapore.biodiversity.onlin...0472?imageId=0



Pantoporia hordonia hordonia.
The FW submarginal grey band is always broad in both sexes. The foot of the FW spot 2 is shorter.
P. Malaysia
Males.
https://www.learnaboutbutterflies.co...nia%20001a.jpg
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-6TIVtGI_o...u/DSC_0229.JPG
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...070/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...939/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8213/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8206/large.jpg
Female.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...4148/large.jpg
Female Thailand.
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/0a/f2/90/0...ailand-bug.jpg
Female Cambodia.
https://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_l...rdonia-1xu.jpg

Singapore.
The male was shot long ago.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oiSX3-kyP...ascar-KSK4.jpg


TL Seow: Cheers.

[LJK1410]

Hi Dr Seow,

A couple of Telicota sp. I need help with, the HW veins don't seem to be darkened. Thank you!

1. iNaturalist link: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/141865377
Telicota 1a.jpeg
Telicota 1b.jpeg

2. iNaturalist link: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/141865421
Telicota 2a.jpeg
Telicota 2b.jpeg

[Psyche]

They are both male Telicota besta.

From what I can see, both have raised veins with shadowlines.


To reiterate.
T. colon male Ided by the staggered FW spots arrangement.
Male brand arcuate as in T. besta.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...colon2-KSK.jpg


T. besta.
Male generally with raised veins lightly darken.
HW ground colour light.
Male brand arcuate, set nearer the inner boundary of the black space.
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6-BjVfqOI...male_up_01.jpg
Same individual.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-n_yvZvniiO...0/DSC_0303.JPG
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nveFPRTeP...0/DSC_0296.JPG



Telicota linna
HW veins across band not darken. Ground often duskier. Paler underparts.
Male brand straight in the black space ,with equal black on both sides of the brand.
Same individual. Correction : This is T. augias; Upperside FW shows a triangular orange patch at the base of space 2, & + the straight brand.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...251/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...265/large.jpeg
Others. These are correct as T. linna. Note underparts paler.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...4981/large.jpg
[/I][/I]http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GdFakZH5je...Horace-Tan.jpg
https://alchetron.com/cdn/telicota-6...resize-750.jpg
Females.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...7830/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...9958/large.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...629/large.jpeg
Added.
Male upperside showing brand straight, with equal black spacings on both sides, & base of space 2 black.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qDEk4MIq_...TL_male_05.jpg



Telicota augias.
Male very orangey bright.
HW band not contrsasting with ground colour, & veins not darken.
Male brand straight & often large in the black space.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...5337/large.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5336/9...ff7fdc56_b.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hp7OPF_eJ6...as-augias).jpg
same individual (reared specimen)
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6riT3uzrel...ias_male_1.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-y3LkExqbZs...ias_male_2.jpg



TL Seow: Cheers
PS. An example of confusion.
IDed as Telicota augias but male brand is arcuate & set near the inner border of the black space ,thus indicating it is T. besta.
Note raised veins.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...319/large.jpeg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...326/large.jpeg

[LJK1410]

Thank you Dr Seow! I shot them near the host plant Scleria bancana which should also further suggest T. besta

[LJK1410]

Hi Dr Seow,

I went to check out the newly opened Rifle Range Nature Park and shot this skipper. I believe its a Baoris sp., a confirmation would be appreciated! Thank you!

Baoris oceia? iNaturalist link: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/142050082
photo1668498994.jpeg
photo1668498994 (1).jpeg