ID help needed for Skippers (5 Oct 2021)

[Blue Nawab]

Dear Dr Seow, Pls help with the skipper id for members. Thanks!

#1
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#2
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#3
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#4
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#5
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[Psyche]

1. Potanthus ganda female.

3 species in Singapore have the abdominal end yellow.

P. omaha duller yellow brown; veins more distinctly darkened.
Male & female.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...obby%20Mun.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DqnG-1dsCU...0/DSC_0187.JPG


P. ganda more orange; veins may be lightly darken.Heavier dark shading.
Males.
https://farm2.staticflickr.com/1898/...1d9cb2cb_b.jpg
https://farm2.staticflickr.com/1337/...ac5c42d89d.jpg
Females.
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-8xXyOhBOa...Dart-KohCH.jpg
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-X9BG2_Zk_...t_Adult_02.jpg


P. confucius.
Spots overlap generally wider ; yellower than ganda.
Male upperside FW with the band continuous without the veins darken.
https://thaibutterflies.com/wp-conte...s-1080x675.jpg
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...peg?1633333091
Female Taiwan.
http://dearlep.tw/images/Papilionoid...20DSC_0068.jpg

[Psyche]

2. Female Pelopidas agna.

Underside more uniform brown without grey tinge or dark shading.
Wear cause some darkening.
Female HK.
https://www.plkcastar.edu.hk/greenca...das%20agna.jpg


Pelopidas mathias.
Tend have uneven dark shading even when worn.
Female, India.
https://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_l...idas/sp-2v.jpg

[Psyche]

3. Oriens. paragola
FW brown band broad of uniform width, with the marginal yellow/orange zone reduced to a narrow strip.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...nny%20Chir.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-04tZVsIbP...herHern_01.jpg


Oriens gola.
FW brown band often divided by the pale veins, of irregular size & not wider than the marginal orange zone.
https://live.staticflickr.com/4567/3...f5171f41_c.jpg
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g9JVWqIU_...monDartlet.jpg

[Psyche]

4. Parnara bada.

FW without cellspot. HW spots irregularly arranged often small.
FW spots 2, 3, & 4 are equidistant apart.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-r10tmE1ODK...rnara+bada.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/F...a_20131010.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93050001.html


Parnara ganga Status uncertain in Singapore.
HW spots tend to larger & close.
FW cellspot may have a lower cellspot.
FW spot 3 is nearer spot 2 than to spot 4.
Vietnam.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-R91gL8h9sC...a%2Bganga1.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5YxifWbLmR...cf%2Bganga.jpg
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/hes/93040001.html

[Psyche]

5. Female Pelopidas agna. Correction Caltoris bromus.
FW spot in space 1b can just be seen.
A line drawn through the two cellspot misses the spot in space 1b.


TL Seow: Cheers.