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Thank you for the detailed reply Dr Seow!
I was looking through some iNaturalist observations and this one seems a little different to me with the way the FW post-discal band curves: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/71003020
Could it be N.pendleburyi? Of course without dorsals it is difficult to confirm.
But it matches quite closely to this observation which was IDed as N.pendleburyi, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/117297085
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Post 31.
There is very little correct image of N. pendleburyi
All known shows the marginal & submarginal spots/bands to be very narrow.
While the band may be curved in pendleburyi,similar bands are also seen in sanaya & subperusia, & probably several others.
I would leave it as N. sanaya since the submarginals are large.
Two images below are definitely N. sanaya males.
If you use google zoom you can see violet at the apex.
In N. pendleburyi, it would be black.
There are examples where the postdiscal band is not dislocated; it would then be curved.
https://inaturalist-open-data.s3.ama...8753/large.jpg
https://static.inaturalist.org/photo...1909/large.jpg
TL Seow: Cheers.
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Quite a few of my previously IDed N. sanaya females have the HW post-discal band close to the submarginal band,
These I'm still fairly confident is still N.sanaya since the HW submarginals are not strongly convex:
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/128760828
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137955412
This was the one you pointed out above, but would the HW submarginals be considered convex?
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145646317
This one has more convex submarginals and the HW post-discal and submarginal bands are close together, possible for N.subperusia lysa? No better/closer shots unfortunately.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124359422
This observation of a female from Cambodia clearly showing the convex HW submarginals:
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/42730361
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Post 34.
1. This is a male & the HW spacing is quite wide. No issue.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/128760828
2. This have the HW submarginals with straighter margin so suggest N. sanaya.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137955412
3. This has the HW spacing even closer, HW submarginal spots variable.
If this is given to someone new, he would IDed as subperusia by the key.
You can only convinced him by netting a specimen for examination to confirm it.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/145646317
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4/81210010.html
4. This appears to be N. hermus.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124359422
A better pic showing the metallic scales.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/149097939
Typical N. sanaya females.
Wallace Collection
https://wallace.biodiversity.online/...doptera-000059
Bred by Horace.
https://www.butterflycircle.com/chec...race%20tan.jpg
Panti Forest, Johor.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gancw1/14350846826
TL Seow: Cheers.
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6 Attachment(s)
Hi Dr Seow,
I got some Arhopalas that I'm not too sure about. I know this group is really difficult for a definitive ID but any pointers would be much appreciated!
1. Arhopala athada? Thought the HW spots 6 & 7 seem quite different from a typical A.athada. Could it be something else? Shot at Upper Seletar Reservoir.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/172636328
Attachment 28452
2. Arhopala sublustris? I recall the size was smaller than A.athada. Shot at Bukit Timah Nature Reserve.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/177311767
Attachment 28453
Attachment 28454
3. alea subgroup. This one was shot in Panti Forest, Johor, Malaysia.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/175865453
Attachment 28455
Attachment 28456
4. Another alea subgroup from Panti Forest, but no upperside shots.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/175865588
Attachment 28457
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Post 36.
1. This should be A. silhetensis.
The two have been frequently confused as there are A. silhetensis with wider spots.
There is an error in the key line 152.
HW spots 6 & 7 are oblique, the outer edge of spot 7 is well inside the outer edge of spot 6.
spot 6, outer margin sinuous, does not overlap spot 5 or the cellend bar.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82240010.html
2. Arhopala milleri.
The upperside of the male is less shiny indigo blue .
In general UnF spot 9 is not shifted inwards from the band or only slightly.
UnH spot 6 is wider at the top & narrower at the bottom.
http://yutaka.it-n.jp/lyc4f/82160001.html
3. Probably correct as A. sublustris female .
Spot 9 at the costa is often strongly dislocated & shifted inwards.
UnH spot is wider at the top & narrower downwards, as in milleri.
Upperside is a bright blue. Female with the brown border of uniform width at the tornus.
4. This looks the same as 3 & is probably A. sublustris.
Other species recorded in Singapore.
A. normani.
As in sublustris, but UnH spot 6 have straighter side margins.
A. phanda.
UnH spot 6 & 7 blocky large arranged like a column.
A. aroa.
Underside bands narrow, thus widely spaced apart.
UnH spot 6 triangular, with the point on thecellend bar.
Three other species in P. Malaysia, A selta, phaenops, & evans have UnH spot 6 not tapered downwards.
TL Seow: Cheers
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2 Attachment(s)
Hi Dr Seow,
Shot a alea subgroup member at MacRitchie Nature Trail today, managed to get a shot that shows some of the uppersides. Would this be 'bright blue' or 'matt blue'? In person it seemed as a pretty dark blue to me as it was flying, but I don't really have a good baseline to compare the colours with.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/189834021
Attachment 28462
Attachment 28463
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