Imperials in Singapore.

Four species of the larger Imperials in Singapore are very similar & often confused in fie3ldshots.

Attachment 28428
1. Jacoona anasuja.
Underside FW with base of vein 12 black.
UnH with two black spots/streaks in space 4.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...-%20benjin.jpg
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...l_adult_02.jpg


2. Neocheritra amrita
UnH with only a submarginal black streak in space 4.
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1AsanI9W7...Imperial06.jpg
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UgO5tOyx-...Imperial07.jpg


3. Manto hypoleuca.
UnH with two black streaks in space 4.
Postdiscal spots closely aligned.
http://www.butterflycircle.com/check...air---Khew.jpg


4. Mantoides gama .Probably extinct.
UnH with two streaks in space 4.
Postdiscal spots widely dislocated.
https://wingscales.com/Lycaenidae/Mantoides-gama-gama

The markings are very consistent & practically infalliable.



A recent observation is that of Neocheritra amrita, not Manto hypoleuca.Correction : Correct as Manto hypoleuca.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183791207

A 2nd observation appears to be the same individual, but the upperside pic 2 is correctly Manto hypoleuca. Correction :Male Manto hypoleuca.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183791202



TL Seow: Cheers
Revision: The male Manto hypoleuca have less distinct streaks in HW space 4 , but is more distinguisable by its almost wholly orange HW.